The Observed Significance of a Test

The p-value Approach to Hypothesis Testing

Answers

1. a. $p$ -value $=0.0427$
b. $p$ -value $=0.0384$
c. $p$ -value $=0.0055$

3. a. $p$ -value $=0.0009$
b. $p$ -value $=0.0064$
c. $p$ -value $=0.0146$

5. a. reject $H_{0}$
b. do not reject $\mathrm{H}_{0}$

7. a. $Z=3.23, z_{0.01}=2.33$ , reject $H_{0}$
b. $p$ -value $=0.0006$
c. reject $\mathrm{H}_{0}$

9. a. $Z=0.68, z_{0.05}=1.645$ , do not reject $H_{0}$
b. $p$ -value $=0.4966$
c. do not reject $H_{0}$

11. a. $Z=2.22, z_{0.05}=1.645$ , reject $H_{0}$
b. $p$ -value $=0.0132$
c. reject $\mathrm{H}_{0}$

Callback before_footer in local_aigrade component should be migrated to new hook callback for core\hook\output\before_footer_html_generation

line 7225 of /lib/moodlelib.php: call to debugging()
line 7292 of /lib/moodlelib.php: call to {closure}()
line 71 of /lib/classes/hook/output/before_footer_html_generation.php: call to get_plugins_with_function()
line 987 of /lib/classes/output/core_renderer.php: call to core\hook\output\before_footer_html_generation->process_legacy_callbacks()
line 97 of /mod/book/tool/print/index.php: call to core\output\core_renderer->footer()