Motivating
Completion requirements
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- 5d Explain corporate missions, corporate culture, corporate social responsibility, human resource management, and labor unions (CLO 7)
Key Takeaways
- Motivation describes an internally generated drive that propels people to achieve goals or pursue particular courses of action.
- There are four influential theories of motivation: hierarchy-of-needs theory, two-factor theory, expectancy theory, and equity theory.
- Hierarchy-of-needs theory proposes that we're motivated by five unmet needs – physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization – and must satisfy lower-level needs before we seek to satisfy higher-level needs.
- Two-factor theory divides work factors into motivation factors (those that are strong contributors to job satisfaction) and hygiene factors (those that, though not strong contributors to satisfaction, must be present to prevent job dissatisfaction). To increase satisfaction (and motivate someone to perform better), managers must address motivation factors.
- Expectancy theory proposes that employees work hard to obtain a reward when they value the reward, believe that their efforts will result in acceptable performance, and believe that acceptable performance will lead to a desired outcome or reward.
- Equity theory focuses on our perceptions of how fairly we're treated relative to others. This theory proposes that employees create contributions/rewards ratios that they compare to those of others. If they feel that their ratios are comparable to those of others, they'll perceive that they're being treated equitably.