Imagine we want to know whether a particular study habit improves retention. We form the hypothesis: "Spaced repetition improves long-term retention compared to massed practice."

We collect evidence by running a two-week study where half the students use spaced repetition and the other half cram. We measure recall after two weeks.

The inference we draw depends on the size and consistency of the difference we observe.

Last modified: Monday, 13 April 2026, 3:14 PM
Callback before_footer in local_aigrade component should be migrated to new hook callback for core\hook\output\before_footer_html_generation
  • line 7225 of /lib/moodlelib.php: call to debugging()
  • line 7292 of /lib/moodlelib.php: call to {closure}()
  • line 71 of /lib/classes/hook/output/before_footer_html_generation.php: call to get_plugins_with_function()
  • line 987 of /lib/classes/output/core_renderer.php: call to core\hook\output\before_footer_html_generation->process_legacy_callbacks()
  • line 94 of /mod/page/view.php: call to core\output\core_renderer->footer()