Abstract

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1b Describe the dimensions of Hofstede's model of intercultural communication (CLO 2)
1c Use the dimensions of Hofstede's model to compare similarities and differences between cultures (CLO 2)

It is not often that we hear directly from one of the scholars responsible for a model or theory in our discipline. This reading was written by Geert Hofstede, the scholar responsible for the Dimensions of Culture model that we use to analyze cultures and predict intercultural behaviors. In his own words, he provides an overview of his model for comparing national cultures. As you read this selection, take note of how the model has evolved from its original four dimensions to the six dimensions that we use today to study intercultural communication. Also, Hofstede provides some guidance for the use of the model and overuse of the model (stereotyping). What is a specific danger of applying a dimension to a single person that you meet from a country different than your own?

This article describes briefly the Hofstede model of six dimensions of national cultures: Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Individualism/Collectivism, Masculinity/Femininity, Long/Short Term Orientation, and Indulgence/Restraint. It shows the conceptual and research efforts that preceded it and led up to it, and once it had become a paradigm for comparing cultures, research efforts that followed and built on it. The article stresses that dimensions depend on the level of aggregation; it describes the six entirely different dimensions found in the Hofstede et al. research into organizational cultures. It warns against confusion with value differences at the individual level. It concludes with a look ahead in what the study of dimensions of national cultures and the position of countries on them may still bring.

Source: Geert Hofstede
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